SCOLIOSIS 

  1. Idiopathic Scoliosis:

    • This is the most common type of scoliosis, and it has no known specific cause. It is further classified into:

      • Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis: Occurs in children aged 0-3 years.

      • Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis: Occurs in children aged 4-10 years.

      • Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Occurs in adolescents aged 11-18 years. This is the most common form.

      • Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis: Refers to idiopathic scoliosis that is either undiagnosed until adulthood or develops after skeletal maturity.

  2. Congenital Scoliosis:

    • This type results from spinal abnormalities present at birth. It occurs due to malformations of the vertebrae and often requires early intervention.

  3. Neuromuscular Scoliosis:

    • This type is associated with neuromuscular conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spinal cord injury. It results from muscle imbalances and weakness around the spine.

  4. Degenerative Scoliosis (Adult-Onset Scoliosis):

    • Occurs due to the degeneration of the spinal discs and joints, often seen in older adults. It may be associated with conditions such as arthritis or osteoporosis.

  5. Functional Scoliosis:

    • This type occurs when the spine appears curved due to a condition such as a leg length discrepancy, muscle spasms, or inflammatory conditions. The spine itself is structurally normal.